Journal articles on the topic 'The Ukrainian Eastern Carpathians'
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1
Kutas, R. I. "Deep degasion and oil-and-gas containment of the Eastern (Ukrainian) Carpathians: geodynamic and geothermal aspects." Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal 43, no. 6 (February 7, 2022): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v43i6.251551.
Abstract:
The article presents the results of comprehensive analysis of geodynamic conditions, geothermal regime, distribution of oil-and-gas deposits, as well as degassing of Earth’s crust in the Ukrainian sector of the Eastern Carpathians, being a part of the Carpathian petroliferous province. Within the boundaries of the Ukrainian sector of the Carpathians, three main tectonic units are distinguished: the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep, the Folded Carpathians, and the Transcarpathian Trough. Each of them consists of several zones or tectonic covers. Oil-and-gas deposits are mainly concentrated within the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep. Gas deposits prevail in its outer zone, while the oil deposits in inner one. Seve-ral small methane deposits were discovered in the Transcarpathian Trough, and only one deposit in the Folded Carpathians.Earth’s crust within the whole Carpathian region is characterized by high level of gas saturation. Here methane and carbon dioxide prevail. According to chemical composition of gas and isotopic signature of carbon in carbonaceous gases, two areas can be distinguished within the region: north-east, where methane dominates, and south-west, where carbon dioxide prevails. These areas are divided by the Central Carpathian tectonic zone. They adhere to geothermal zoning. The former is characterized by low geothermal activity (heat flow density is 35—60 mW/m2), and the latter — by high level activity (heat flow density exceeds 70 mW/m2).
Hydrocarbon deposits are formed in three stages, concurring with three stages of tectonic evolution of the Carpathians. The first stage is distinguished by accumulation of primary components (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen) and thermal activity increase. It concurs with a stage of lithosphere destruction and extension, ocean basin generation, sedimentation, asthenosphere uplift, as well as formation of deep fluid-and-gas flows. At the second stage, hydrocarbon generation commences. It corresponds to the stage of lithosphere collapse, activation of subduction and collision processes, depression and heating of sedimentary strata, enriched in organic substances and water. At the third stage, the processes of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation proceed. Time interval for deposit formation is coincident with the last stage of the Carpathians evolution during Badenian and Sarmatian time, as well as with formation of overthrusts, deep depressions, and thick masses of Miocene argillaceous deposits.
2
Nikolaichuk, V. І., M. М. Vakerich, M. V. Bilkey, O. P. Chechuy, and I. Voloshchuk. "Possible ecologically based ways of preserving and developing the Ukrainian Carpathians." Biosystems Diversity 24, no. 1 (February 27, 2016): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/011619.
Abstract:
Ukraine has transformed into one of the most environmentally dangerous countries in the world due to the high concentration of industrial production and agriculture and predatory use of natural resources. The current ecological situation in Ukraine is characterized by a deep ecological crisis, which is caused by the laws of operation of the command economy of the former USSR. The majority of the environmental and social indicators of Ukraine are among the worst in Europe. The Carpathian Mountains are among the most significant and interesting landscapes in Europe from the geological and geomorphological, scenic and biological perspectives. The giant arc of the Carpathians begins in southern Romania and passes through Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland, the Czech Republic and Hungary to Austria, crosses all Eastern and Central Europe. A third of the forest reserves of Ukraine are located in the Ukrainian Carpathians, at 53.5% the percentage of forest cover of the area is among the highest in the country. About 50% of the gene pool of Ukraine’s plants, many species of trees and medicinal plants grows there. The geographical location and large area of the rich natural heritage of the Carpathians have multifaceted importance for the conservation of biological, phytocoenotic and landscape diversity and maintaining the ecological balance in the central part of our continent. As with the Alps mountain range, this is an important ecological corridor between Western, Central and Eastern Europe, which promotes the migration of species and their spread into lowland landscapes. In order to preserve biodiversity an inventory of virgin forest ecosystems should be made and strict measures for their protection should be enforced. It is necessary to continue the practice of establishing bilateral areas in cross-border protected areas in order to combine efforts to solve pressing environmental challenges. Conservation of the Carpathians Biodiversity is an urgent problem. Structural changes in the economy of the region are expected to strengthen the recreational value of the Ukrainian Carpathians for the public not only in our country but also in Central and Eastern Europe, reducing the technogenic loading. International cooperation of all countries of the Carpathian region is imperative. The development of tourism in the Carpathians is highly promising, but this should be civilized tourism, taking into account the environmental sustainability of the recreational areas and protected areas.
3
Tkachuk, Maryna. "Polissia-Сarpathian relations on the maps of The Slavic Linguistic Atlas." Linguistics, no. 2 (44) (2021): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2631-2021-2-44-53-62.
Abstract:
The article considers the types of areal connections of two archaic Ukrainian dialect areas – Polissia and the Carpathians, presented on the maps of the lexical and word-formational series of the fundamental multi-volume work The Slavic Linguistic Atlas, both in published issues and those under study. The types of isoglosses, the configuration of the areas of distribution of some lexical units in the Polissia dialect and Carpathian dialects on atlas maps and in a broader view, with an approach to the all-Slavic context, are analyzed. It was found that many maps identify continuous lexical areas that connect Polissia and the Carpathians against the background of the Ukrainian or even wider. Common areas have also been identified in the Ukrainian northern dialects and the Carpathian dialects, but they are not continuous, interrupted by a wide range of other lexical forms, which cover most of the Ukrainian south-western dialects; there are distinct areas limited by Carpathian and West-Polissian (and sometimes Central-Polissian) isoglosses. Data from lexicographical and descriptive works were also used for the analysis, which allowed to reveal the so-called hidden isoglosses, both internal and external, in the Eastern, Western and Southern Slavic dialectal continuum.
4
Utevska, O., L. Atramentova, E. Balanovska, and O. Balanovsky. "Y-chromosome STR variation in Ukrainian populations." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 70, no. 2 (2015): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2015.70.55-61.
Abstract:
The haplotype and allele frequencies for 17 STR loci of Y-chromosome were obtained for 1151 indigenous Ukrainians from 13 regional populations representing the major territorial subdivisions of Ukraine. There were no significant inter-population differences. The genetic subdivisions within Ukraine was revealed between Polesie, western and eastern forest-steppe populations. The highest microsatellite variability was observed along the edges of Ukrainian area – in the Carpathian region, Bukovina, Sloboda Ukraine; the lowest – in Polesie. The average haplotype diversity values are higher in the steppe and forest-steppe zones, than in Polesie and the Carpathians. Forensic parameters were calculated: total haplotype diversity HD = 0,998855, match probability MP = 0.00114508, the discrimination capacity DC = 0,89400521.
5
Wierzejska, Jagoda. "A Domestic Space: The Central and Eastern Carpathians in the Polish Tourist and Local Lore Discourse, 1918–1939." Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo, no. 9(12) cz.1 (July 4, 2019): 33–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/pflit.106.
Abstract:
The article presents various ways of ideologization of the Central (Boyko and Lemko regions) and Eastern (Hutsul region) Carpathians in interwar Poland. After the Polish-Ukrainian War (1918–1919), that part of the Carpathian mountain range was situated in the Second Polish Republic. In contrast to the Tatras, which played the role of Polish national landscape, the Carpathians were alien to Poles in terms of ethnicity and culture. Thus, the Polish authorities, as well as touristic and local lore organizations, sought and largely managed to transform these mountains into a domestic landscape, which was no center of national identity but constituted an important spot on the mental map of the Polish national community, recognized as an undeniable part of Polish statehood. The article shows how the exoticization of the Carpathians, state holidays, and the development of state-funded mass tourism resulted in the increased sense of familiarity between Polish lowlanders and highlanders and, consequently, the symbolic inscription of the Carpathians into the Polish domain and common imagination.
6
Kravchuk, Yaroslav, and Vitaliy Brusak. "RELIEF AND GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF HUTSULSHCHYNA AND VERKHOVYNSKYI NATIONAL NATURAL PARKS." PROBLEMS OF GEOMORPHOLOGY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE UKRANIAN CARPATHIANS AND ADJACENT AREAS 02, no. 13 (December 30, 2021): 18–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/gpc.2021.2.3546.
Abstract:
Relief and geological structure of Hutsulshchyna and Verkhovynskyi national natural parks (NNP), located in the south-eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians, present four geomorphological regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Hutsulshchyna NNP is located in Skybovi Carpathians and Precarpathian Upland. Verkhovynskyi NNP is located in Marmaroski Carpathians and Polonynsko-Chornohirski Carpathians. The analysis of the morphostructure and morphosculpture of national natural parks is carried out taking into account the longitudinal (N-W – S-E) and transverse divisions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The longitudinal division is associated with morphostructures of higher orders, such as the second and third, and the transverse is associated with the fourth and fifth orders of morphostructure. In the analysis of morphosculpture of NNPs, the types which are characteristic of the Carpathian Flysch and Сrystalline Carpathians are allocated. Mountain ranges and ridges such as Sloboda-Rungurska, Pokuttia med-mountains, Hryniava-Losova and Chyvchyn mountains are characterized by an asymmetrical structure – steep northeastern slopes and declivous southwestern slopes. The relic morphosculpture is represented by: 1) fragments of denudation surfaces of different ages such as Polonynska within Verkhovynskyi NPP as well as Karmaturska (analogue of Pidbeskid) within Hutsulshchyna NPP, and riparian; 2) extra and ancient glacial within Verkhovynskyi NPP and extra glacial within Hutsulshchyna NPP; 3) areas of ancient longitudinal valleys. The presence of relict ("dead") river valleys is characteristic of the premountain part of Hutsulshchyna NNP. Modern morphodynamic processes represent by height (tier) differentiation. In the tiers of strongly dissected mеd-mountain and low-mountain relief, the processes of planar erosion, deflux, and linear erosion play an important role in the modelling of the relief. The lower tier of the terraced and non-terraced bottoms of the valleys are associated with the processes of leaching and erosion as well as a significant accumulation of erosion products and mudflows. Among gravitational processes and block motions, stabilized and active displacements are the most recorded. Key words: National natural park; Ukrainian Carpathians; relief; morphostructure; morphosculpture.
7
Нiletskyy, Joseph, and Nadiya Timofijchuk. "PHYSICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL ZONING OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS FOR AIMS OF COGNITIVE TOURISM." GEOGRAPHY AND TOURISM, no. 53 (2019): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2308-135x.2019.53.104-110.
Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to approve the established scheme of macro-district subdivision of the Carpathian Mountain Country and the worked out approaches of the Ukrainian geographers to more detailed physical and geographical regionalization of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The study is based on the results of a comparative analysis of the existing different schemes of complex and different directions of sectoral zoning, individual natural components, own observations during numerous expeditions and data of the latest scientific publications on the geology and geomorphology of the Carpathians. By imposing a boundary between the Inner and Outer Carpathians, which is clearly displayed on the state geological maps of the scale 1: 200 000, on the gypsum base of topographic maps, which were analyzed in 3D format of the program Google Earth, the boundary between the provinces of the Eastern Carpathians was agreed and described. At the same time, the orographic lines and the character of the modern relief of the mountain territories were taken into account as much as possible. The fact that the described and displayed boundary of the sub-provinces is quite consistent with the boundary between the low-mountainous and mid-mountainous landscapes, which in its time was reflected on H.P. Milller. and O.M. Fedirk’s landscape map, confirms that other components of nature (soils, vegetation) along the line are changing some of their specific features. The scientific novelty of the article is that, as a result of the zoning, the border between the sub-provinces of the Outer East Carpathians and the Inner East Carpathians is specified in Ukraine, four natural areas of the Ukrainian Carpathians are assigned to the Exterior (Flysch) Carpathians and three to the Inner Carpathians. The proposed zoning approach has led to some redistribution of territories between the natural areas of the Transcarpathian Lowlands and the Polonina-Montenegro Carpathians, as well as between the natural-geographical areas and sub-regions of the Inner Carpathians. Transformations have undergone some names of taxonomic units of physical and geographical zoning, which in the new version more accurately reflect their location and specific features of natural conditions. Practical significance of the obtained results is that since being duly substantiated the proposed zoning of the Ukrainian Carpathians will be useful for both professionals and travel enthusiasts. Taking into account the specific nature of the sub-provinces, it can also serve as a substantial basis for the development of projects to optimize the environmental management in the region.
8
Kováčiková, Svetlana, Igor Logvinov, and Viktor Tarasov. "The relation of the seismicity in the eastern part of the Ukrainian Carpathians and the distribution of electrical conductivity in the Earth’s crust." Geologica Carpathica 70, no. 6 (December 1, 2019): 483–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geoca-2019-0028.
Abstract:
Abstract We present results of a study of the peculiarities of the seismicity and electrical conductivity distribution beneath the Ukrainian Eastern Carpathians. Based on the analysis of seismic data for the years 1999–2016, specific zones of concentration of earthquake sources related to the principal fault systems and their intersections have been distinguished. This paper covers two zones, one linked to the contact of the Outer Carpathians and the Carpathian Foredeep and another one linked to the fault system transverse to the Carpathians strike. Both belts of earthquake sources concentration correlate well with the geoelectric models of the studied area obtained as a result of 2D and quasi-3D inversion. Most of the seismic events occur at the intersection of the mentioned seismic zones, at shallower depths, than the main conductive structures appear, concentrated at their marginal parts. The interrelation of both phenomena suggests their common explanation by processes occurring in active fault systems: fracturing, shear deformation, migration of highly mineralized fluids, high porous pressure, accumulation and release of tectonic stress.
9
Udovenko, O. I., and I. V. Kovalets. "Calculation of precipitation during period of catastrophic flood 21-27 july 2008 in Ukrainian Carpathians." Ukrainian hydrometeorological journal, no. 16 (October 29, 2017): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31481/uhmj.16.2015.07.
Abstract:
Intense precipitation event happened in Ukraine on 21-27 July 2008 leading to extreme flash floods in the Ukrainian Carpathians which are characterized by the return period of approximately 50 years. Besides favourable synoptic conditions leading to quasi-stationary low situated over Balkans and South-West part of Ukraine precipitation during this event was intensified by mountains. This lead to formation of the specific precipitation patterns in the Ukrainian Carpathians which was not adequately resolved by the existing measurement network.
The purpose of this publication is application of the mesoscale meteorological model WRF with high resolution (1 km) for reconstruction of precipitation during flood in July, 2008 in the Ukrainian Carpathians and evaluation of the simulated results against measurements.
Calculation of precipitation during the period of catastrophic summer flood in 2008 at the territory of Ukrainian Carpathians had been carried out with the use of meteorological model WRF. The precipitation field was well simulated for the period of maximum floods (July, 25-th) as compared to precipitation data measured at meteorological stations. However the second and lower peak of precipitation which happened during July, 27-th was underestimated by WRF. The reason of such underestimation is possibly the influence of boundary conditions on simulated results. The precipitation field formed during July, 25-th is elongated along the main ridge of the Ukrainian Carpathians and precipitation maximums on that date, reaching up to 70 mm/3 hours are situated above foothills of the Carpathians. On July, 27-th the precipitation maximums are shifted south-eastward, close to the boundary of the computational domain. The vertical crossections of the calculated meteorological fields demonstrate characteristic system of gravitational waves occurring in flow above mountains and sequence of convective cells situated mostly above the windward (north-eastern) hills and coinciding with the precipitation maximums. The depth of some of the convective cells reaches 10 km, which is supported by satellite data. The indirect evaluation of the calculated precipitation field is performed using the measured water discharge data at the watersheds of the rivers in Carpathians. For the period of maximum flood the relative precipitation amount at each watershed (over total precipitation amount at all water-sheds) appears to be approximately equal to relative water discharge of the corresponding watershed.
In conclusion we could state that the precipitation field was well simulated by WRF for the period of maximum floods (25 July). High quality of simulated results is supported by comparison of the calculated and measured precipitation as well as with indirect juxtaposition of the calculated integral precipitation at the watersheds of Carpathian rivers and water discharges in the corresponding river outlets. The calculated results demonstratre that existing measurement network is too sparse to capture the details of the orographically enhanced precipitation field. The scarcity of the measurement network makes it difficult to evaluate integral and maximum characteristics of precipitation happening in the Ukrainian Carpathians.
Directions for further research should include usage of the coupled mesoscale meteorological-distributed hydrological model chain for calculation and forecasting of meteorological and hydrological characteristics of floods.
10
SZELĄG, ZBIGNIEW. "Two new species in Hieracium sect. Alpina (Asteraceae) from the Eastern Carpathians in Poland." Phytotaxa 406, no. 1 (June 13, 2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.406.1.4.
Abstract:
Two apomictic, polyploid (x=9) species in Hieracium sect. Alpina are described from the Western Bieszczady Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Poland, and illustrated with photos of the holotypes. These are H. jasiewiczii (4x) which combines the morphological features of H. alpinum and H. bifidum, and H. wojcickii (4x) of presumably hybrid origin between H. alpinum and H. pseudobifidum. Both new species are probably relicts originated from diploid, sexual H. alpinum with a wider primary range covering also the Western Bieszczady Mountains, which presently occurs only in the Romanian and Ukrainian Carpathians.
11
Makovsky, V. B. "Little-Known Operations of the Soviet Troops in Liberation of Czechoslovakia." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 2(41) (April 28, 2015): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2015-2-41-45-54.
Abstract:
RETRACTEDSuccessful advances of Soviet troops during the East Carpathian offensive created very favorable conditions for further operations to liberate Czechoslovakia. The breakthrough by Soviet troops of powerful natural barriers - the Eastern Carpathians with strongly fortified defensive positions created an entirely new situation on the Carpathian-Prague direction. The enemy lost an important strategic milestone, a cover of Czechoslovakia from the east. There were favorable conditions for the further deployment of the Red Army offensive deep into Czechoslovakia and access to the southern border of Germany. During this operation the right wing of the 2nd and 4th Ukrainian Fronts entered the territory of Czechoslovakia and by the end of 1944 liberated a large part of South and South-East Slovakia, surrounded by the large enemy grouping. During the offensive they managed to destroy about four divisions of the enemy, and capture more than 68 thousand troops. In March - April 1945 as a result of the fighting of the 2nd and 4th Ukrainian fronts and friendly Czechoslovak and Romanian forces large groups of the Wehrmacht were defeated in the Western Carpathians. Slovakia and Moravia were completely liberated, including such major administrative and industrial centers such as Prague, Brno and Moravian Ostrava. Within six weeks the troops advanced on both fronts more than 150-350 km, reaching the southern regions of Germany and central regions of Czechoslovakia, occupying a favorable position for an attack on Prague and the final defeat of the Wehrmacht.
12
Tepliuk, A., and T. Tepliuk. "Ecology-faunistic analysis of blackflies (DIPTERA, SIMULIIDAE) of hydrobiocenesis on the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series: Biology 77, no. 1 (2019): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728_2748.2019.77.32-38.
Abstract:
It has been installed that the species richness of the blackflies of the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians counts 38 species of 2 genera: Prosimulium Roubaud, 1906 (2 species) and Simulium Latreille, 1802 (36 species). 20 species develop in the streams (Simpson's species diversity index (Іs) equals to 0,22), and 26 species develop in the rivers (Іs – 0,10). There are 8 common species of Simuliidae for both types of watercourses (similarity index by Czekanowski/Sørensen (І) is 0,26). 12 species of blackflies develop only in the streams, and 18 species develop only in the rivers. S. trifasciatum Curtis, 1839, S. reptanoides Carlsson, 1962, S. ornatum Meigen, 1818 and S. intermedium Roubaud, 1906 dominate in the hydrobiocenoses of the north-eastern macroslope of the Ukrainian Carpathians. S. trifasciatum and S. ornatum are widespread. It has been discovered that Simuliidae fauna of main altitudinal zonal plant groups of the region differs in composition and quantitative correlation of species. S. intermedium, S. ornatum, S. reptans Linnaeus, 1758 and S. trifasciatum are eurytopic. In the hydrobiocenoses of the district of beech forests has been registered 31 species (Is – 0.09), and in the watercourses of the district of spruce mountain Carpathian forests has been registered 24 species (Is – 0.18). It has been found out that with the decrease of height in the district of the beech forests, the value of Simpson's species diversity index decreases from 0.16 (20 species) in the subdistrict of the dark-coniferous-beech watershed forests to 0.11 (21 species) in the subdistrict of fir-beech and beech-fir precarpathian forests.
13
Strutynski, Iwan. "The Instrumental Component of the Epic Genres of the Carpathian Tradition." Problems of music ethnology 16 (December 29, 2021): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4212.2021.16.249654.
Abstract:
If the context of the performance of ritual and dance music is described in detail in a number of monographs at the beginning and middle of the last century, then with descriptions of the existence of epic genres the situation is somewhat different. Most collections of epic songs contain verbal and musical texts, however, the context of the performance, the number of performers, and the instrumental component are not always described.
The article is devoted to the epic genres of folklore of the Ukrainians of the Carpathians. The article examines the modern existence of such epic genres of Ukrainian Carpathian folklore as psalm, song-chronicle, ballad. The aim of the study is to show the epic genres of folklore of the Ukrainian Carpathians in the context of its modern existence in the Carpathian village and in connection with the instrumental tradition of the region. The study covers Eastern Galicia (Halychyna), in particular Galician Hutsulshchyna and Pokuttia (Pokucie), where the author's fieldwork took place.
Modern field recordings of psalms, which were previously carried by itinerant lyre players, indicate that the works of this genre in some places have survived to this day due to their inclusion in the calendar tradition. Some of them are preserved as Christmas and Lenten songs. So, in the village Stary Lisets of the Tysmenytsa district of IvanoFrankivsk region, the psalm «About Stratenska Virgin Mary» about the siege of the monastery by the Tatars became a carol.
In the Kosiv and Verkhovyna districts of Ivano-Frankivsk region (Galician Hutsulshchyna), songs-chronicles («novyny») continue to exist. This genre of Ukrainian folklore appeared in the 17th century. Songs-chronicles reflect historical events from the time of the opryshky movement to the present day and family and household dramas. In the village Khymchyn of the Kosiv region, the author of these lines was lucky to record two songs-chronicles – about Dovbush and about the First World War. The performer alternated singing with playing on a sopilka-dencivka. The author finds out ideas of the bearers of the tradition about the correct performance of songs-chronicles. The classical performance of chronicle songs is predominantly solo (one singer and one accompanist-instrumentalist).
Folk ballads that exist in the modern Carpathian region can be divided into local and late ones, a significant part of which came from the Central regions of Ukraine in the 20th century. At the same time, part of the late ballads comes from the ancient ones that arose on the territory of the Ukrainian Carpathians in the 17th–18th centuries. Evidence of the 20th century and the records of modern collectors of Carpathian folklore show that the performance of ancient Carpathian ballads is close to the performance of songs-chronicles.
Old Carpathian ballads are characterized by a declamatory manner of singing accompanied by a violin, hurdy-gurdy or sopilka-flute and a narrow ambitus. Old ballads are associated with individual performance and folk-professional instrumentalism. Nowadays they can be heard less often than late ballads associated with collective choral singing. To get a complete picture of the context of the existence of the ancient Carpathian ballads, it is necessary to interview the inhabitants of the villages where they were recorded in the XX – at the beginning of the XXI century – Kornych, Myshyn, Cherni Oslavy, Velykyi Klyuchiv and Kosmach.
14
Kondratyuk, S. Y., L. P. Popova, A. S. Kondratiuk, L. Lőkös, and I. M. Danylyk. "Regionally unique lichens of the ukrainian carpathians and perspectives of their protection." Acta Botanica Hungarica 64, no. 1-2 (April 21, 2022): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/034.64.2022.1-2.5.
Abstract:
The Carpathian Mts, showing the highest lichen biodiversity in Ukraine, i.e. 1,395 species of 2,106 of the total Ukrainian lichens, have been found to contain the highest proportion of regionally unique taxa (i.e. so far recorded only from the Carpathian Mts) (i.e. 551 species, or 39.5% of the Carpathian and 26.2% of the total Ukrainian lichen flora). Species diversity of widely distributed lichens (i.e. which hitherto known from all five macroregions of Ukraine), as well as ‘scarcely distributed’ lichens (i.e. missing at least in one or more macroregions) are also discussed. Representation of these three groups of lichens in the geomorphological districts of the Carpathian Mts and the administrative oblasts Zakarpattia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi is shown.The Chornohora Mts, a district of the Carpathian Mts, found to show the highest proportion of species so far recorded from this district of the Carpathian Mts, while the Eastern Beskydy and the Gorgany Mts are characterised hitherto by the highest species diversity of lichens. That is established that among geomorphological districts of Zakarpattia oblast, the Eastern Beskydy and the Gorgany Mts parts of Zakarpattia oblast territory are characterised by the highest number of species of lichen-forming and lichenicolous fungi in the Carpathian macroregion (674 and 611 species, respectively), and the proportion of regionally unique taxa in these two florae is also the highest (483 species or 71.6% and 453 species or 74.1%, respectively). Lichens of the Chyvchyn Mts of Ivano-Frankivsk oblast are found to be the most diverse in this oblast (344 species totally), and they include the highest proportion of regionally unique taxa (171 species or 49.7%). The Eastern Beskydy Mts, part of Lviv oblast territory, the only part of this oblast in the Carpathian Mts, are found to be represented by 224 lichen species of which 32 (i.e. 14.3%) are regionally unique to the Carpathian Mts.List of the rarest taxa of the regionally unique group (hitherto known from single or a few localities) proposed as candidates for including to regional red lists of Zakarpattia, Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Chernivtsi oblasts since the whole nature protection activity in Ukraine is done according to oblast division. 254 lichen species are proposed for including in the red list of Zakarpattia oblast, while 44, 4 and 9 species in the red lists of Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv and Chernivtsi oblasts, respectively. The smallest amount of these taxa is proposed for the red list of Lviv oblast, which includes also the Forest zone of the Ukrainian Plains.
15
Pandyak, Igor. "Establishment and development of tourist shelters in the Eastern Carpathians in the Austro-Hungarian and Polish periods." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 42 (October 15, 2013): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.42.1873.
Abstract:
History of establishment and development of tourist shelters in the Eastern Carpathians in the second half of the nineteenth century–1939 was analyzed. The role of Ukrainian and Polish tourism organizations in the development of infrastructure of placement travellers along mountain trails in Eastern Galicia was considered. The characteristic features of the development, construction and service of tourist shelters were detected. Key words: infrastructure of tourist accommodation, tourist shelters, tourist routes, tourist societies.
16
Hnylko, Oleh, Svitlana Hnylko, Maria Kulyanda, and Romana Marchenko. "Tectonic-sedimentary evolution of the frontal part of the Ukrainian Carpathian nappe structure." Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals 1-2, no. 183-184 (2021): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2021.01-02.045.
Abstract:
For the first time in the Ukrainian Carpathians, the depths and tectono-sedimentation processes in the north-eastern part of the Outer Carpathian Basin (Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya units) have been restored on the base of sedimentological and microfaunistic studies. It was established that in the Cretaceous-Eocene time, the deep-water (near Calcite Compensation Depth) turbidite and similar sedimentation (turbidites with Bouma textures, grainites, debris-flow deposits), which periodically alternated with (hemi)pelagic sedimentation (red, green and black shales) was dominant here. Sedimentation took place on the continental margin of the the Carpathian branch of the Tethys, where deep-water fans were formed. Cretaceous-Eocene background red and green shales are enriched in buried in situ benthic foraminifera which are similar in taxonomic composition and morphological features to the microfauna of the Carpathian-Alpine and Atlantic regions (deep-water agglutinated foraminifera), which indicate lower bathyal – abyssal depths of flysch sedimentation. Latest Eocene Globigerina Marl horizon contains the foraminiferal assemblage with plankton dominance, which indicates a general shallowing of the Outer Carpathian Basin (middle-upper bathyal conditions above a calcite compensation depth). Oligocene – lowermost Miocene Menilite-Krosno and Polyanytsia formations were accumulated in the Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya sub-basins. In the Miocene, shallow-water molasses were accumulated here. Probably, the tectonic uproot of flysch deposits from its substrate and their synsedymentary thrusting towards the platform caused a significant shallowing of the Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya sub-basins starting from the latest Eocene. These processes reflected the growth of the Carpathian frontal nappes at the final orogen formation stage.
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Dabrowski, Patrice M. "Hutsul Art or “Hutsul Art”?" Canadian-American Slavic Studies 50, no. 3 (2016): 313–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22102396-05003003.
Abstract:
This article is concerned with the fate of the Hutsul kilim and, by extension, Polish-Ukrainian relations in the interwar period. This was a period when the Hutsul highlanders of the Eastern Carpathians (today citizens of modern Ukraine), the traditional weavers of these geometrically-patterned woolen rugs, found themselves within the newly established Second Polish Republic. Most commercial weaving was in Jewish hands at this time, and this production was far inferior to that done by Hutsuls themselves, primarily for their own domestic use. The decline of the Hutsul kilim was arrested by a Ukrainian émigré from Soviet Russia, whose “Hutsul Art” collective reinvigorated the form. This development brought the Hutsul kilim to the attention of those who would wish to appropriate it, or at a minimum consider it part and parcel of interwar Poland’s artistic production. The article demonstrates that, while Ukrainians were keen on integrating the Hutsul kilim into the Ukrainian kilim tradition, Poles preferred to keep the Hutsul kilim distinct, thus allowing it to be seen as part of the heritage of the multiethnic interwar Polish state.
18
Klapchuk, Taras. "Geological and geomorphological research of mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska river: a historical aspect." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 49 (December 30, 2015): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2015.49.8613.
Abstract:
This article provides an overview of the scientific literature on the geological and geomorphological research of mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River. Basic scientific works on the history of research of relief and geology of the Eastern Carpathians and materials of geological and geomorphological research in Gorgany were analysed. Three historical stages were determined; studying of the relief of the mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River was revealed and current trends of the geomorphological researches in the present time were outlined. We determined such historical stages of research in the region: the prewar (XIX century – 1930s), the postwar (1940–1980s) and present (from 1990s). In the prewar period, detailed studies in the mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River were not conducted. Geological studies were dominated, geological maps were compiled and the general features of the relief of the Eastern Carpathians were studied, morphological studies mostly dominated. Problems of the origin and the history of relief of some regions of the Carpathians were breached. During the postwar period, geological structure and relief of the Ukrainian Carpathians and their certain regions were studied detail. Morphostructural, morphodynamic and morphogenetic investigations were held, detailed geological and tectonic scheme of division of the region and scheme of geomorphological zoning were developed. It was connected with the functioning of geological research institutions and researches led by professionals from the Lviv and Chernivtsi universities. Comprehensive expedition for large-scale geological and geomorphological mappings and studying of a spread of modern morphodynamic processes was conducted in the mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River. Lviv Geological Expedition in 1966–1970 and the research group of the Department of Geomorphology of Lviv University led by Professor P. Tsys and lecturer D. Stadnytskyi in 1965–1969 collected most of the factual material about the geological and geomorphological structure of the studied basin. The characteristic of morphology and genesis of relief and the first geomorphological zoning of the studied basin contained in D. Stadnytskyi’s PhD thesis “Geomorphology of Gorgany” (1963). The present stage of studying of geology and relief of mountainous part of basin Bystrica Nadvirnianska River is characterized by the introduction of ecological approach. Morphodynamic processes and drainage basins are investigated; engineering-geological and geomorphologicalecological analyses are performed in the Carpathian region. There are quite detail descriptions of the relief and morphodynamic processes in investigated basin, its morphostructural and morphosculptural features, history of relief development, and detail geomorphological zoning in Ya. Kravchuk’s monograph “Geomorphology of the Skyb Carpathians” (2005) and R. Slyvka's monograph “Geomorphology of the Vododil’no-Verhovynski Carpathians” (2001). At present stage, certain parts of the basin are studied for the environmental purposes, including detail geological and geomorphological researches, which are conducted in the Nature Reserve “Gorgany”. Nowadays the development of GIS-technologies and remote research methods create new opportunities and approaches for studying the relief of certain regions and its connection with nature management. Key words: historical stages, geological and geomorphological researches, Ukrainian Carpathians, basin of Bystrica Nadvirnianska River.
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Anikeyev, Sergiy, and Svitlana Rozlovska. "GEODYNAMICS." GEODYNAMICS 2(31)2021, no. 2(31) (December 29, 2021): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jgd2021.02.066.
Abstract:
The aim of the research presented in this article is to analyze the properties and geological informative value of the anisotropic transformations of gravitational and magnetic fields, which use averaging procedures, including analysis of Andreev-Klushin's method. Anisotropic transformations of potential fields are designed to detect and track elongated anomalies or their chains, caused by deep linear dislocations in the geological section. The study of the anisotropic transformations properties is based on the analysis of their depth characteristics, as well as theoretical and practical experiments. The study applies the analysis method of fault tectonics reflection features in anisotropic anomalies of gravimagnetic fields, in particular, on the example of the South-East of the Ukrainian Carpathians. It is based on the search of morphological signs of manifestation of deep faults and other long structural-tectonic dislocations in gravitational and magnetic anisotropic anomalies. The method also suggests tracing these elements, relying on the comparison of morphology, intensity, size and direction of anisotropic anomalies with published regional tectonic and geological maps. Results. The paper presents definitions and algorithms of such anisotropic transformations as Andreev-Klushin's methods of anticlinal and terrace types, anisotropic averaging and anisotropic difference averaging. The research allowed us to perform study of the geological informative value of anisotropic transformations of potential fields on theoretical and practical examples. It is shown that in the morphology of anisotropic gravitational and magnetic anomalous fields in the south-east of the Ukrainian Carpathians long local anomalies are traced. They are caused by fault tectonics, in particular deep longitudinal and transverse faults, as well as linear complications into sedimentary cover. The analysis of anisotropic anomalous fields reveals a number of characteristic features of large tectonic zones reflecting regional behavior of the foundation surface and deep faults; on its basis fault tectonics schemes of the South-Eastern region of the Ukrainian Carpathians can be constructed. The study traced a significant extension of the foundation of the Eastern European platform from the Maidan's ledge and the Pokutsko-Bukovynian Carpathians under the Folded Carpathians. The definition of a number of anisotropic transformations is given and their properties are considered. The work substantiated geological informative value of the anisotropic transformations morphology of potential fields in the study of the Ukrainian Carpathians and adjacent depressions fault tectonics. The use of anisotropic transformations of potential fields will increase the reliability and detail of tracing deep faults, as well as other linear dislocations both in the foundation and in the sedimentary cover. The study of fault tectonics is an important factor in the successful solution of problems in the search and exploration of areas which are promising for oil and gas deposits.
20
Bortnyk, Serhii, Tetiana Lavruk, Liubov Tymuliak, and Tetiana Omelchuk. "Transboundary nature conservation cooperation between Ukraine and the countries of the European Union." Physical Geography and Geomorphology 89, no. 1 (2018): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/phgg.2018.1.10.
Abstract:
The experience of international cooperation in the development of transboundary nature conservation territories of Ukraine and the EU countries on the example of the Eastern Carpathians biosphere reserve was analyised in article. The characteristic of the organization and functioning national nature parks of Uzhansky, Bieschadsky and Poloniny is given. The assessment of environmental activities within these objects was conducted and it was suggested to borrow some provisions of international experience for the development in Ukrainian part of the Eastern Carpathians biosphere reserve, as well as for other transboundary nature conservation territories. It is necessary to organize scientific research work, to initiate educational and volunteer programs on natureconservation, to exchange experience of international environmental work. Important in this case will be the opening and equipment of international tourist and nature trails, a dense network of which has long existed in Europe. Problems of scientific substantiation of the expansion of existing protected territories, as well as planning new, the organization of an independent transboundary monitoring of the state of ecosystems are particularly relevant to all transboundary regions of Ukraine. For the Carpathian region the problems of control over illegal felling in the Uzhansky National Park, the observance of the environmental regime of certain massifs of the Carpathian Biosphere Reserve, the proliferation of the reserve regime of the Svydovets massif for the whole Basin of the Chorna Tysa river are very important. More attention should be paid to the preservation of ethnographic features of the Carpathians, the development of ecological consciousness of local inhabitants and the population of Ukraine as a whole, their responsibility for the preservation of unique national natural conditions and resources. The solution of the above problems to a large extent depends on the geographers who should participate directly in the study and planning of the development of transboundary protected areas. Only through joint efforts of international cooperation Ukraine's naturally reserved fund will become a multifunctional part of the Pan-European ecological network.
21
Boratyńska, Krystyna, and Natalia Anatolivna Pashkevich. "Variability in needle traits of Pinus mugo Turra in the Ukrainian Carpathians." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 70, no. 3 (2014): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.2001.023.
Abstract:
Two-year-old needles were collected from 131 trees in 4 localities in the Eastern Carpathians in Ukraine. The needles were analysed in respect to 15 morphological and anatomical traits. The most stable appear to be needle width and thickness, and the ratio of needle thickness to width, while the distance between vascular bundles, Marcet's coefficient and number of resin canals were the most variable. Some of the analysed populations differ significantly from each other in the thickness of epidermal cells, number of resin canals and numbers of stomata on adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the needle.
22
Quirini-Popławski, Łukasz, Nazar Kudła, and Michajło Rytynski. "Tourism in the Soviet Carpathians: Accommodation facilities for qualified tourism in the Eastern Carpathians (Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk oblast) in the 1970s and 1980s." Turyzm/Tourism 29, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.29.2.11.
Abstract:
The research issue is to describe the tourist accommodation used for specialised tourism, including its types, distribution and scale, in the northern part of the Eastern Carpathians in the former Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The authors focused on the 1970s and 1980s which were the ‘golden age’ in the development of tourism in the Soviet Union. As a result of the analysis, 51 accommodation facilities were identified offering nearly 7,300 beds in the mid-1980s. It was the time when the development of that area reached its peak.
23
Szederjesi, T. "New earthworm records from the Ukrainian part of the north-eastern Carpathians (Megadrili: Lumbricidae)." Opuscula Zoologica 50, no. 1 (2019): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18348/opzool.2019.1.17.
24
Almashiy, Volodymyr. "Socio-Political and Socio-Cultural Activities of the Union of Rusyns-Ukrainians in the Slovak Republic (1989-1993)." Mìžnarodnì zv’âzki Ukraïni: naukovì pošuki ì znahìdki, no. 29 (November 10, 2020): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mzu2020.29.226.
Abstract:
The given article, based on archival documents, provides the analysis of socio-political, socio-cultural, and educational activities of the Union of Rusyns-Ukrainians in the Slovak Republic, the updated name of which was adopted at the extraordinary Congress of the Cultural Union of Ukrainian workers of Czechoslovakia in January 20, 1990 in Prešov. The Cultural Union of Ukrainian Workers of Czechoslovakia of cultural orientation (founded in 1951), which was the predecessor of the new organization, is mentioned. According to the decision of the Congress, the reformed organization focused on strengthening the friendship and cooperation with the Slovak people, other nationalities in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, etc. It is noted that the return to the old name was seen by the Rusyn-Ukrainians of Eastern Slovakia as one of the means of identity struggle against the accelerated slovakization in the context of aggravation of interethnic relations in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic in the late 1980s and 1990s. The analysis of the adopted documents in which the Congress stated its intentions and requirements is given including: Program Proclamation of the Congress, the Memorandum of Rusyns-Ukrainians of Czechoslovakia to the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovak Socialist Republic, Slovak National Council and the SSR Government, the Statute of the Council of Rusyns-Ukrainians of Czechoslovakia, “Organization’s Work Plan for the Near Future”, which expressed the need to give priority to working with young people in and out of schools. The catastrophic decrease in the number of schools with the Ukrainian language of instruction is stated. The paper also notes the numerical grow and revitalization of other Ukrainian national associations and institutions in Slovakia willing to work in the field of cultural and national life of Rusyns-Ukrainians (Oleksander Dukhnovych Society, Rukh, “OBRUCH” Organization, Association of Ukrainians in the Czech Republic, Carpathians Youth Union, etc.)
25
Sydoriv, Sergiy. "Educational Authentic Video Resources as an Essential Method of Studying English Pronunciation and Intonation in the Conditions of the Ukrainian Carpathians." Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 1, no. 2-3 (December 22, 2014): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.1.2-3.245-248.
Abstract:
The paper deals with the issues of teaching and learning the English language for youngpupils at mountainous areas of Ukrainian Carpathians. During the first two decades of the thirdmillennium the decline of educational and social services financing is seen in Ukraine. The resultsof this is very noticeable in the mountains schooling: closure of schools, lack of school buses, poorsupply of equipment and studying materials, extra-long winter holidays because of lowtemperature in classrooms. The demographic factor is also important: many parents are forced tomigrate abroad in order to support their children in the Eastern Carpathian villages. At the sametime there is a growth in the use of ICT. The internet coverage leaves much to be desired but thesituation is expected to be gradually improved. The schools are still use outdated computing andvideo equipment, although some enthusiastic teachers and students are willing to use ownportable video devices in order to study English and learn to communicate effectively at schooland home. The article emphasizes some important aspects of using authentic video resources toteach pronunciation and intonation.
26
Mohytych, Vasyl, Marcin Klisz, Roman Yatsyk, Yuriy Hayda, and Mariana Sishchuk. "Ecological and genetic aspects of distribution of the marginal populations of Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra L.) in Ukrainian Carpathians." Folia Forestalia Polonica 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 242–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2019-0023.
Abstract:
Abstract Current distributions of Swiss stone pine mostly cover the mountain regions of Europe (Alps and Carpathians). Easternmost distribution of this species is located in western Ukraine. Due to environmental fragmentation in Eastern Carpathians and competition with Norway spruce and other species, marginal populations of Swiss stone pine create isolated island, where other species are not able to cope with harsh conditions. Still, Pinus cembra L. play an important role for soil-formation and soil-protection in high elevations. The evidence of recent reduction in the area of Swiss stone pine raises the question whether the introduction of this species at lower altitudes can be successful? According to the studies conducted on reciprocal transplant experiments, Swiss stone pine population from higher elevation are able to profit in low elevation sites. Thus, parallelly with gene conservation activity, the possibilities of assisted migration should be recognized for this species.
27
Varga, O., and A. Kostro-Ambroziak. "New Records of the Subfamilies Cylloceriinae and Microleptinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) from Eastern Europe." Zoodiversity 55, no. 6 (2021): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/zoo2021.06.485.
Abstract:
The Ichneumonidae species belonging to the subfamilies Cylloceriinae Wahl, 1990 and Microleptinae Townes, 1958 collected in different parts of Poland and Ukrainian Carpathians are listed. Allomacrus longecaudatus (Strobl, 1903) and the genus Rossemia Humala, 1997 with a species, R. longithorax Humala, 1997, are recorded for the first time from Ukraine, representing the third records of species for a European country after the original description. The genus Entypoma Förster, 1869 with two species, E. robustator Aubert, 1968 and E. suspiciosum (Förster, 1871) is the first reliable modern record of the genus for Poland. The subfamily Microleptinae is reliably recorded for the first time from Ukraine. A key to European species of the genus Allomacrus Förster, 1869 is also provided.
28
Figura, L. A. "TYPOMORPHIC SHOWINGS OF NATIVE GOLD FROM ALLUVIAL SEDIMENTS OF SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS." Collection of Scientific Works of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine 4 (March 11, 2011): 165–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.30836/igs.2522-9753.2011.153041.
29
PAVLYUK, Myroslav, Volodymyr SHLAPINSKY, Olesya SAVCHAK, Myroslav TERNAVSKY, Lyubov HUZARSKA, Nazar TRISKA, and Nataliia OHRENDA. "PROSPECTS FOR OIL AND GAS PRESENCE IN THE SOUTH-EASTERN PART OF THE INNER FLYSCH COVERS OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS." Geology and Geochemistry of Combustible Minerals 4, no. 181 (December 27, 2019): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ggcm2019.04.005.
Abstract:
We have studied the Cretaceous and Paleogene flysch of the Duklya-Chornohora, Burkut, Rakhiv, Marmarosh and Pieniny covers that in the south-eastern sector of the Ukrainian Carpathians near the Romanian border (Hutsulian segment) distinguish themselves by very inclined overthrust. Spatially the given tectonic units are in so-called hydrothermal fluid, unfavourable on the whole as to the presence of hydrocarbons in it on a large scale. But, within its limits the plots, small in area, with hydrocarbon prevalence in the gas composition are distinguished. Prospects for gas presence in the region should be connected with those of them that spatially are drown to the Transcarpathian trough. One such section is the Velikobychkovk sector of the Monastyretsky sub-cover, where it is proposed to lay a parametric well 1-Velikiy Bychkov, in order to reveal the possible para-autochthon of the Vezhany sub-cover and the Paleogene of the Dilovetsky sub-cover. In addition, according to seismic data, a significant rise in the pre-flysch base is forecast in this section of the Carpathians under the Marmarosh cover. The roof of this foundation at the location of the recommended well 1-Velikiy Bychkov may be at a depth of 5000–5500 m. It may be represented by the youngest deposits of the pre-Alpine complex – the Triassic strata, industrially oil and gas saturated in the neighboring countries.
30
Starostenko, V. I., O. M. Rusakov, and A. I. Yakimchik. "International cooperation of S. I. Subbotin Institute Geophysics, NAS of Ukraine for 2010—2020." Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal 43, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): 205–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v43i3.236390.
Abstract:
The geological structure of the lithosphere of the main tectonic structures has been refined for the territory of Ukraine and adjacent regions of Slovakia, Poland, Romania, Russia, as well as Bulgaria, the Antarctic Peninsula (West Antarctica) and Southeast Asia, and new data have been obtained on geophysical impacts that can affect the environment. A geodynamic scenario has been developed for the formation of large-scale folding of the Fore- Dobrudzja Trough, the South Ukrainian monocline and the Ingul block of the Ukrainian Shield, caused by tectonic events associated with the closing of the Paleotethys and Neotethys oceans in the Mesozoic. In the Pripyat-Dnieper-Donets Basin, the structure of the earth’s crust and upper mantle can reflect different intensities of rifting, from its passive stage in the Dnieper Graben to active rifting in the Pripyat Trough. An analysis of the geoelectric structure of the Earth’s crust in the Ukrainian Eastern Carpathians indicates that seismic events occur mainly in resistive solid rock domainswhich surrounded by aseismic high conductive zones consisting of at least partially melted material. The present-day mutual position of the Ukrainian shield and Fennoscandia stabilized 1720—1660 Ma. The age, distribution, orientation and composition have been studied for the LatePalaeoproterozoicdykes in the Volyn, Ingul and Azov blocks of the Ukrainian Shield. Eastern Crimea and the Sorokin Trough are fragments of a tectonic wedge formed after the Paleocene. The geothermal conditions of the Intra-Carpathian region are due to subduction during the closure of the Pannonian sea basin and the collisional interaction of the Eurasian plate with the microplates system of this region. In Bulgaria, most earthquakes occur outside high-resistive domains. The tectonic stages are reconstructed for the formation of the northern part of the Antarctic Peninsula in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic. The relationship has been established between the geomagnetic field and climate change, with it being different for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The results have been obtained within the framework of 25 international projects and 6 temporary international target teams of S. I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics, NAS of Ukraine consisting of researchers from 23 countries. The results are presented in 53 publications, 38 of which are indexed in the Web of Scienct database, and 32 papers are published in 20 international journals and special publications of 10 countries with different impact factors (from 0,101 to 4,214), whose average impact factor is 3,341, and the total one is 66,815.
31
Smyrnov, I., and N. Levinskova. ""WHITE ELEPHANT" IN UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS MOUNTAINS: ON RESTORATION OF A FORMER MILITARY ASTRONOMICAL-METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATORY." Visnyk Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Military-Special Sciences, no. 2 (39) (2018): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2217.2018.39.55-58.
Abstract:
The article deals with the fate of the astronomical-meteorological observatory, which was built in the Eastern Carpathеs on the Hill of Pip-Ivan (height 2028 m) in 1938, when the Carpathian region was part of Poland. Another name of the observatory is "White Elephant", because in the winter under the snow the observatory's house resembles the shape of the elephant. Mount Pip Ivan has a pyramidal shape with the presence of ancient forms of glacial relief, composed of sandstone. The observatory was equipped with the most up-to-date scientific equipment, in particular, a telescope, astrograph and refractor of British production. The Observatory was destroyed during the Second World War. Currently, with joint efforts of Ukraine and Poland, in particular with the participation of the University of Warsaw and the Precarpathian University named after V. Stefanyk of Ivano-Frankivsk the restoration of the observatory is under way, as well as the construction of an International Center for Ukrainian and Polish Students Youth Meetings focusing on research in geography, meteorology, geology, seismology, astronomy and biology. Keywords: astronomical-meteorological observatory, Mount Pіp Ivan, restoration, Obserwatorium fund, research in the fields of geography, meteorology, geology, seismology, astronomy and biology.
32
Novák, Pavel, and Dominik Zukal. "Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. (Rubiaceae) – a new species for the flora of Ukraine." Acta Botanica Croatica 77, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2018-0008.
Abstract:
Abstract Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. is an annual plant species occurring mainly in dry grasslands. The centre of its distribution range is situated in the Mediterranean region, while in Central Europe it has been known only from a few isolated sites in Slovakia and Hungary. In 2016 we discovered this species in open dry grassland of the class Sedo-Scleranthetea on the upper edge of a basaltic andesite quarry near the village of Siltse, Irshavskyi District, Zakarpatska Region, as a new species for the Ukrainian flora. The site is situated in the transitional region between the Pannonian Basin and the Eastern Carpathians. The new locality represents the northernmost recent occurrence of this species.
33
Wierzejska, Jagoda. "Zapach wojny i gór. Huculi i Huculszczyzna w międzywojennej literaturze polskiej o tematyce współczesnej (część I)." Góry, Literatura, Kultura 15 (December 29, 2021): 257–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/2084-4107.15.15.
Abstract:
The article is the first part of a comprehensive study on representations of Hutsuls and the Hutsul region in the interwar Polish literature, which showed them during the First World War and the wars for the borders of the Second Polish Republic, as well as in the 1920s and 1930s. The article discuses, first and foremost, literary visions of Hutsuls and their native land in the wartime. It argues that these visions were deeply affected by war events that took place in the Eastern Carpathians in 1914–1915, when Polish soldiers from the 2nd and 3rd Legions Infantry Regiments fought with Russians and occasionally cooperated with some military volunteers recruited from the Hutsul community. The interwar Polish literature showed the Eastern Carpathians as a space where Polish soldiers’ bravery and dedication to the national cause were distinctly manifested. It also described and, as a matter of fact, exaggerated acts of fraternization between Polish legionnaires and the Hutsuls. This way the Polish literature imposed an important, patriotic significance to the Hutsul region and strengthened its position in the Polish national memory. Simultaneously, it showed the whole Hutsul community as allies of Poles in the fight for independence. This literary approach suggested that Hutsuls had their own history and cultural reality that differed from the Ukrainian one but fit in well with the history and contemporary times of Poles.
34
Halczak, Bohdan. "Relocation of people between Poland and the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic in the years 1944-1946 in the light of czechoslovack military sources." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 35-36 (December 20, 2017): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2017.35-36.173-181.
Abstract:
In the result of the shift of borders, occurring after World War II, the Republic of Poland lost its south-eastern provinces in favour of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (UkSSR). Nevertheless, a significant Ukrainian minority, estimated between 500 and 700 thousand, remained within the borders of Poland. In addition, a significant number of Poles remained on the Soviet side. On September 9th, 1944, Polish communist government and the government of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic concluded an agreement on the relocation of people.Officially,the relocation was supposed to be voluntary. In September 1945 the Polish army, against the provisions of the agreement of September 9th, 1944, started forced displacement of the Ukrainian population to UkSSR. The dislocation of the Ukrainian population to the USSR lasted till the late 1946’s. Throughout 1944-1946, 488,057people were dislocated from Poland to Ukraine. At the same time 787,674people moved from Ukraine to Poland. In order to avoid dislocation to the Soviet Ukraine, some Ukrainians moved to the Carpathian Mountains, and sought refuge in Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovak army and security services caught refugees and deported them back to Poland.
Keywords: Poland, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, the relocation of people, Czechoslovakia
35
Dabrowski, Patrice M. "“Discovering” the Galician Borderlands: The Case of the Eastern Carpathians." Slavic Review 64, no. 2 (2005): 380–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3649989.
Abstract:
What happens when the modern world intrudes upon an isolated mountain region, particularly one that is a borderland par excellence? Patrice Dabrowski examines the moment of “discovery” of the most remote corner of Habsburg Galicia, the Carpathian Mountain region known as the Eastern Beskids and identified with its rugged yet artistically talented highland inhabitants, the Hutsuls. The discovery was facilitated by an ethnographic exhibition in Kołomyja, organized by the Czarnohora branch of the Tatra Society (Towarzystwo Tatrzańskie), which gained renown thanks to the presence of Emperor Franz Joseph at its opening in September 1880. The transformation of the region from terra incognita into a tourist destination for Poles, Ukrainians, and others has local, regional, national, and international dimensions and sheds light on interethnic relations within multiethic Galicia and beyond. This article represents a historiographical meeting point of studies of nations and nationalism, environmental history, and the study of tourism.
36
Passia, Radoslav, and Luybica Babotova. "Mixed Identity. Some Theoretical Aspects of Research on Eastern Carpathian Border Area." Академічний журнал "Слово і Час", no. 4 (April 24, 2019): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2019.04.81-87.
Abstract:
The paper deals with relationship between Slovak and Ukrainian literatures and cultures of the 19th and 20th centuries in the Eastern Carpathian border area. The author considers this particularly multiethnic region as one of the relatively independent cultural areas of the Central Europe. The Slovak literature since the mid-19th century shows this space as a heterotopia. Narrative perspectives of a stranger, outcast, migrant in combination with the themes of border and conflict between local and strangers are characteristic for the literary image of the Eastern Carpathian border area in the 20th century.
The paper explores the issue of parallel processes of ‘national revival’ (such as Slovak, Ruthenian, Ukrainian, Hungarian) in the ethnically heterogeneous area of eastern Slovakia where the process of cultural and ethnic self-identification followed a much more complex trajectory compared to the ‘core’ areas inhabited by the respective ethnic groups. The Slavonic ethnic groups failed to conclude this process in the course of the 19th century or, indeed, even in the first half of the 20th century. Following the breakup of the Austro-Hungarian Empire and the establishment of Czechoslovakia, the new state’s liberal national policies encouraged greater competition between certain cultural and linguistic orientations among the inhabitants of eastern Slovakia (pro-Ukrainian, pro-Russian and pro-Ruthenian orientation). This situation was also reflected in works of Slovak and especially Czech literature. Slovak-Ukrainian cultural contacts are currently receiving many new ideas and their research can be based on theoretical background of postcolonialism, selfcolonization theory and geopoetics.
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Bandrivskyi, Mykola. "Slotted zoomorphic pommel on iron pins from barrow 2 in Kotsyubynchyky in the context of elite burials of Western Podillia." Materials and studies on archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian area 24 (December 20, 2020): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2020-24-317-330.
Abstract:
The article deals with bronze slotted zoomorphic pommels on iron pins – one of the phenomena in material culture of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe from the beginning of Early Iron Age. One of the best preserved complexes of them was discovered by archeological expedition of I. Krypiakevych Institute of Ukrainian Studies of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, led by the author, in outskirts of village of Kotsyubynchyky near Chortkiv in Ternopil region. Almost all pommels of this type known today are divided by the author into two groups: products with socket and ones on iron pins. It has been suggested that this technological feature may reflect not only slightly different functional specificity of their use, but also differences in religious and funeral context for which, in fact, the above-mentioned pommels were made. It is confirmed that all pommels of this type were found exclusively in forest-steppe zone of modern Ukraine, in Carpathian region and in Caucasus – historical Kuban. Moreover, fact of complete absence of zoomorphic slotted pommels on iron pins in this period in steppe zone of Ukrainian Black Sea region (and in Eastern European steppe in general) needs to be explained. Mapping such slotted pommels on pins, gave the author a reason to identify four areas of their compact distribution: 1 – Pre-Caucasus region (Ulskie barrows, Kelermes, Krasnoznamenskiy barrow, Hoverdovsky khutor near Maykop); 2 – Posullya region (Starsha Mohyla, Vovkivtsi, Budky, Popivka); 3 – Region of the Right Bank of Dnipro River (Repyahuvata Mohyla, Matusiv, Zhurivka, Smela, Mezhyrichka); 4 – Carpathian region (Mihályfa, Gernyeszeg, Gyöngyös and two items from the museum in Bucharest). On the territory between these four compact and clear areas of distribution of slotted zoomorphic pommels on iron pins (except for researched complex in Kotsyubynchyky 2 barrow), other objects of such type were not detected. Suggestions made at the article that such compactness of their distribution indicates their exclusive use only for a narrow category of privileged persons within limited area. On the other hand, at that time there could be certain «sacred» border within which such pommels were used and to cross through which cult regulations of that time did not allow. Analysis conducted by the author gave grounds to assume that zoomorphic pommels from the barrow of Kotsyubynchyky 2 can be included neither to the group of pommels of Carpathian region (it is contradicted by image on the pommels from Kotsyubynchyky only of the head of fallow deer, and not the whole figure, which, as were shown above, is a striking feature of the products from Carpathians), nor to a group of similar pommels from the areas of Eastern European forest-steppe, among which images of heads of fallow deer are almost unknown. Hence, it is concluded that mentioned zoomorphic pommels from Kotsyubynchyky 2 barrow represent, by all signs, an intermediate link between pommels of Eastern European forest-steppe and ones from Carpathian region. Material presented at the article shows that those long-noticed examples of interrelationships and interactions between cultures of Early Iron Age of Carpathian-Dnister region, South Caucasus and Western Asian states penetrated into various spheres of life of communities of that time; including such, seemingly, very conservative and delicate sphere of their life as religious preferences and related funeral traditions. Key words: bronze slotted zoomorphic pommels, Western Podillia, barrow 2, Kotsyubynchyky.
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Pahiria, O. "THE UKRAINIAN QUESTION IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE SECOND CZECHO-SLOVAK REPUBLIC AT THE TURN OF 1938-1939." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. History, no. 145 (2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2640.2020.145.11.
Abstract:
The article examines the place and the role of the Ukrainian question in the foreign policy of the Second Czecho-Slovak republic during the post-Munich period. The emergence of this question on the Czechoslovak diplomacy agenda in 1938-1939 was associated with the formation of autonomous Subcarpathian Ruthenia/Carpatho-Ukraine in the republic’s east, as well as with the active debate in international circles concerning Germany’s aggressive plans in Eastern Europe with the use of the Ukrainian card. Based on unknown documents from the Czechoslovak Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ archives, the article analyses Prague’s attitude towards prospects of the formation of a “Great Ukraine” on the platform of Carpatho-Ukraine. Czechoslovakian government’s position in the Ukrainian question was ambiguous and was shaped by several international factors: 1) Germany’s policy that used the Ukrainian question as a “bargaining chip” in its diplomacy; 2) the aspirations of Poland and Hungary to establish a common frontier in the Carpathians; 3) the position of Romania as Czecho-Slovakia’s key ally, which until some point was strategically interested in retaining the land corridor with Prague through Subcarpathian Ruthenia; 4) the “appeasement policy” of the West, which sought to divert Hitler’s aggression to the East with the use of the Ukrainian card. If earlier Prague looked with suspicion at the Ukrainian question as a certain threat to its territorial integrity due to the factor of Subcarpathian Ruthenia, in 1939 it perceived the Ukrainian card as a possible salvation for Czecho-Slovakia itself. At the beginning of 1939, Czernin Palace developed a few projects which suggested to use the Ukrainian question for the sake of saving the republic. This plan was backed by certain circles of British diplomacy, who had the interest to direct Germany to the East, towards Ukraine’s natural resources. Unfortunately, this period was too short to produce any long-term strategies of Prague on the Ukrainian question. Eventually, Hitler decided to deliver a different verdict to the fate of Carpatho-Ukraine by having passed it to Hungary.
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Podvyshennyi, Alexander. "THE INFLUENCE OF WESTERN CULTURE ON THE FORMATION OF CARPATHIAN UKRAINE IN THE NOVEL «SUN FROM THE WEST» BY ULAS SAMCHUK." LITERARY PROCESS: methodology, names, trends, no. 17 (2021): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2475.2021.17.7.
Abstract:
The relevance of this article is due to the fact that in recent decades Ulas Samchuk is rapidly returning to the Ukrainian literary discourse. In view of the European integration policy of the Ukrainian State, more and more attention is paid to the methods of cultural imperialism, imagology, comparative studies, Occidental philosophy, etc., which we used in this text. In our study, considerable attention is also paid to the influence of Western culture and politics on the formation of the national idea of the Ukrainian nation – the formation of the Ukrainian Conciliar Independent State. We learned that a significant role in the development of the ethnopsychological charisma of the Hutsuls was played by Ukrainians from exile, who during the interwar period inhabited Czechoslovakia, Poland, France and the United States, and with the beginning of events began to return home. The novel-report «Sun from the West» (1949) provides invaluable material on the basis of which we can trace in a clear chronological sequence the change of worldview paradigm of Ukrainians from silent observers to active, fully conscious citizens who set the task of forming a political nation. its integration into the Western world. Nevertheless, Ulas Samchuk draws the reader's attention to the fact that the Ukrainian people have not yet been able to become a nation, given the events in Carpathian Ukraine. He lacked the will to fight, national dignity and self-awareness, education, spirituality and culture. That is why many European grandees did not seriously assess the ambitions of the young Ukrainian state to claim independence and did not allow the Ukrainian Government to defend its positions on an equal footing. The main reason for such a political crisis was, in fact, the lack of a well-supplied army that could protect its borders. Further research should be devoted to the memoirs and diaries of Ulas Samchuk, in which he continues to reflect on the place and role of Ukraine in building a new world order in the context of the conflict of Western and Eastern civilizations.
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Futala, Vasyl. "THE QUESTION OF UKRAINIAN STATEHOOD ON THE INTERNATIONAL STAGE (1919–1923): THE STUDY AND INTERPRETATION OF POLISH HISTORIANS." Problems of humanities. History, no. 5/47 (March 27, 2021): 250–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24919/2312-2595.5/47.217826.
Abstract:
Summary. The purpose of this study is to show the achievements of Polish historiography in the study of international aspects of the Ukrainian question during 1919–1923. Research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, systemicity, and objectivity. In solving specific problems, methods of historiographical analysis and synthesis were applied. The scientific novelty is that the qualitative completeness of historical information of historiographical sources, the personal contribution of Polish scholars to the study of Ukrainian statehood in the international arena during 1919–1923 is highlighted. Conclusions. The analyzed problem began to be studied in Poland at the scientific level in 1960–1980’s. The historians tried to show the place of the Ukrainian question in the system of international relations after the end of the First World War; the attitude of the Entente countries to Ukrainian statehood; Polish-Ukrainian military and diplomatic confrontation for Eastern Galicia; transformation of the political status of Eastern Galicia; actualization of the Ukrainian question in the League of Nations and its place in Polish-Soviet relations, etc. After 1989, an important event in the Polish-Ukrainian studies became the emergence of special monographic studies. The authors deepened the work of historians period of people’s Poland, especially in such areas as Pilsudski’s federal program, Polish-Ukrainian military-political union of 1920, the Treaty of Riga and the Ukrainian question. In fact, modern researchers were the first to violate the problem of state and legal status Carpathian Ruthenia and Northern Bukovyna. However, despite significant scientific advances, the following aspects need in-depth study: miscalculations and inconsistent actions of Ukrainian governments, that influenced the policies of the victorious states concerning the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic; Anglo-French controversy over the problem of Eastern Galicia; activities of special Entente missions in order to reach a truce between Poland and the Western Ukrainian People’s Republic. Polish historians have mostly covered the Ukrainian question through the prism of the foreign policy of the reborn Republic of Poland and Polish national interests. Therefore, it would be good if in the Polish historiography the diplomacy of the UPR and ZUNR in the period of the Ukrainian revolution became a separate topic of research in the future.
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Melnyk, Viktor. "On the species independence of Carlina cirsioides Klokov (Asteraceae)." Novitates Theriologicae, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53452/nt1232.
Abstract:
The systematic position and modern state of populations of the rare species of Ukrainian flora Carlina cirsioides Klokov (Asteraceae) are considered. Since this species is included into the Red Data Book of Ukraine (2009) and the European List of Globally Threatened Animals and Plants (1991), it is well-known for European botanists as an endemic of the Ukrainian flora. However, neither the authors of Flora Europaea (1976), nor monographers of the genus Carlina recognize Carlina cirsioides as a separate species. Comparative morphological, chorological, and coenotic analyzes does not allow Carlina cirsioides to be considered as a separate species, endemic and relic of the Ukrainian flora. According to morphological features, specimens from the plains of Ukraine are referred to the subspecies Carlina acaulis caulescens, which is distributed mainly in plain regions of Europe. Ecological and coenotic conditions of habitats of Carlina acaulis in the lowland part of Ukraine are different from its habitats in the Carpathians and Alps and are close to xerotherme grass communities with Carlina acaulis of plains of Central Europe. Steppe communities of Festuco-Brometea class with Carlina acaulis in the Volhynian-Podolian Upland are similar to xerotherme communities with Carlina acaulis of Central Europe. Erico-Pinetea class communities are common habitats for Carlina acaulis in the Ukrainian Polissia and north-eastern Poland. Lowering the species status of Carlina cirsioides from separate species to subspecies Carlina acaulis caulescens does not diminish its phytosozological value. Due to the low number of Carlina acaulis populations in the Volhynian-Podolian Upland and Polissia, all localities of this species in the lowland part of Ukraine need to be provided by protection.
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Bubniak, I. M., Yu M. Vikhot, and M. V. Nakapelyukh. "The stress-and-strain state of the south-eastern part of the Skyba and Boryslav-Pokuttya nappes of the Ukrainian Carpathians." Geodynamics & Tectonophysics 4, no. 3 (2013): 313–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5800/gt-2013-4-3-0103.
43
Starostenko, Vitaly, Tomasz Janik, Victor Mocanu, Randell Stephenson, Tamara Yegorova, Tatiana Amashukeli, Wojciech Czuba, et al. "RomUkrSeis: Seismic model of the crust and upper mantle across the Eastern Carpathians – From the Apuseni Mountains to the Ukrainian Shield." Tectonophysics 794 (November 2020): 228620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228620.
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Shevtsova, Galyna. "VOLUME STRUCTURE OF UKRAINIAN WOODEN CHURCH’S LOG-TOWERS: WORLD ANALOGIES AND AUTHENTIC." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 59 (March 1, 2021): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2021.59.152-160.
Abstract:
The article conducts a comparative study between volume-structures of world’s wooden religious buildings’ roofing and different types of Ukrainian wooden church’s log-towers’ volume-structures. As the examples for this comparative study are analyzed the volume structures of Eastern and Western territories of the world including vertically developed roofing of beam-pillar, rafter and log-timber construction as well. The main topics of the investigation are different structures of pagodas and Buddhist temples, vertically developed rafter roofing of Scandinavian and Eastern European Christian churches as well as numerous vertical log-structures of Eastern European and Caucasus churches. All named above examples are consequently compared with determined five basic types of Ukrainian wooden church’s log-towers volume structures (as lateral trapeze or cylindrical elevated roofing, pyramidal roofing, so-called “zalom” tiered roofing, octagon-on-square roofing and “zalom” and octagon-on-square composite roofing). As a result, none of the considered world examples shows complete analogies to the whole spectrum of volume structures of Ukrainian wooden churches’ roofing. In particular, log-towers with so-called “zalom” type tiered volume structure are unique. Analogies to the most archaic volume and constructive types of log roofing of the Ukrainian wooden church (lateral trapeze or cylindrical elevated roofing, pyramidal and octagon-on-square roofing) are present in the wooden sacral architecture of neighboring territories: Carpathian region, Transcaucasian region and Russia. This conclusion proves the long-standing entire history of sacral wooden architecture formation of this region from one hand and independence of further development of the phenomenon of the Ukrainian wooden church from the other.
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Shlapinskiy, V. Ye, H. Ya Havryshkiv, and Yu P. Haievska. "NEW DATA ON PROMISING OIL AND GAS OBJECTS IN THE SANDSTONES OF THE YAMNA SUITE OF THE PALEOCENE IN THE NORTHWEST OF THE SKIBA ZONE OF THE UKRAINIAN CARPATHIANS." Geological Journal, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 90–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.30836/igs.1025-6814.2021.2.225864.
Abstract:
More than 6 million tons of the oil have been extracted in the Skybа Zone of the Ukrainian Carpathians. In particular, 4.2 million tons of oil (85.7% of total production) were obtained from the Yamna sandstones of Paleocene, which are characterized by satisfactory physical properties. Most of the areas of fields that exploited them are located in the Boryslav oil and gas production area. Among them are such oil fields as Skhidnytsko-Urytske (more than 3.8 million tons of oil extracted), Violeta, Faustina, MEP, Miriam and Ropne. Outside this area, oil was extracted in Strilbychi and Staraya Sol. At most of these fields, oil horizons are at a depth of only 100-800 m. The gas and condensate are extracted at the field of Tanyavа in the wing of the Vytvytska Luska of the Berehova Skyba, which has been torn off by the thrust. In addition, a very large number of natural oil and gas manifestations - direct signs of oil and gas potential - have been recorded in the Skyba Zone. All this indicates the potential prospects of structures within the Skyba Zone, including shallow ones. The distribution area of Yamna sandstones is much larger than the area of these deposits. The distribution area of sandstones of Yamna is much larger than the area of these deposits. It occupies about half of the area of Skyba Zone. Part of it can be considered promising, removing areas where of Yamna sandstones are present on the day surface, although, even in such conditions, they are in some cases industrially oil-bearing (Strelbychi oil field). Sandstones of Yamna are characterized by satisfactory reservoir properties., The calculated porosity and permeability reach the maximum values at known deposits: 0.182 and 130 ∙ 10–3 microns2 respectively, and the estimated thickness of 13.5 m. In the Folded Carpathians and, especially, within the north-eastern fragments (Beregova, Oriv, Skoliv) in different years performed a large amount of field seismic surveys. On the basis of the obtained materials, for the first time in the Carpathian region structural constructions were made on the reflecting horizons in the Paleocene (Yamna Formation) and in the Stryi Formation of the Upper Cretaceous. This article evaluates the prospects of these research objects. The Khodkiv and Osichnyanska structures of Berehova Skyba are recommended for conducting search works.
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Salamon, I., M. V. Kryvtsova, K. I. Trush, A. I. Fandalyuk, and M. J. Spivak. "Agro-ecological cultivation, secondary metabolite characteristics and microbiological tests of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) – the variety Citronella." Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems 10, no. 2 (May 7, 2019): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/021940.
Abstract:
Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is a native of the eastern Mediterranean region southward to Israel and Syria and eastward through the Crimea, the Caucasus, and Northern Iran to the Tien Shan and the Pamirs. It appears to have been naturalized in the Central Europe including the Carpathian Ukraine and Eastern Slovakia. The objective of this study was characterization of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Melissa officinalis L. variety Citronella in the conditions of cultivation in a lowland region of the Ukrainian Carpathians. Plant material, balm dry leaves and leafy tops of the shoots, were grown in a small-scale cultivation ground at the Zakarpatian Institute of Agroindustrial Production in Velikaja Bakta, Carpathian-Ukraine. The Citronella variety is used for herb production. Essential oil from balm parts (herb and leaves) was isolated by distillation with boiled water. Hydro-distillation lasted for 4 hours, sample weights were 10 g of dry drug matter. A modified Coocking & Middleton distillation apparatus was used. Identification and evaluation of balm essential oil were carried out using the selected analytical method of HPLC-DAD analysis. The final balm extract was analyzed directly on a Dionex UltiMate 3000 system. The analysis of balm essential oil was carried out using a gas chromatograph Varian 3090, connected to a MS Saturn 2100T integrator. The sensitivity of microorganisms to plant extracts was determined by the disk diffusion test (with disk diameter of 6 mm). The quantitative and qualitative characteristics of balm essential oil (0.05–0.12% v/w) and its composition show very high content of α-citrale (geranial) (44%), β-citrale (neral) (29%) and citronellal (9%). Rosmarinic acid can be extracted from leaves and its content equals up to 1.7 ± 0.1%. Composition of the natural substances depends on the balm taxon, origin, soil and climatic growing conditions, and methods of harvest and isolation and effective weed control which are used. Antibacterial effect of the oil showed low activity against all bacterial strains. Our results confirmed higher activity of EOs against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative. The balm essential oil displayed antimitotic effect especially towards Candida glabrata clinical strain. Thus, studies have shown that Melissa officinalis variety of Citronella in the conditions of cultivation in the lowland region of Carpathian-Ukraine according to biochemical characteristics and microbiological properties corresponds to world analogues.
47
Rozhko, Ihor, and Iryna Koinova. "Physical-geographical characteristics of Lemkivshchyna." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography 53 (December 18, 2019): 288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2019.53.10679.
Abstract:
The article presents the physical-geographical characteristics of the Lemkos’ ethnic territory, the farthest western ethnographic group of Ukrainians who have long inhabited the slopes of the Carpathians Eastern Beskids. Lemkivshchyna is located on both slopes of the Carpathian Beskids between the Borzhava and San rivers in the east and Poprad and Dunajec in the west, located in three countries. The total area is about 9 000 km2. Lemkivschyna occupies the largest area within the mountainous part of South-Eastern Poland (48 %), less in the mountainous part of north-eastern Slovakia (41 %), the least in the Trans¬carpathian region of Ukraine (11 %). Most of the territory of Lemkivshchyna is located in the Carpathian lowlands of the Eastern Beskids. Only some peaks have a height of more than 1 000 m. The highest peak is Tarnitsa (1 346 m a.s.l.) on the Bukovo Berdo ridge. Lemkivshchyna is located in the temperate climate zone of Europe, which is formed under the influence of the western transfer of the Atlantic air masses. In addition, the climatic characteristics are influenced by the terrain, altitude, exposure of the slopes, the direction of extension of the mountain valleys. The territory of Lemkivshchyna lies on the Main European Watershed. The rivers that originate in the northern macro-slope of the Low Beskid are tributaries of the Vistula (the Baltic Sea basin). The rivers of the southern macro-slope are tributaries of the Tisza River, which flows into the Danube (the Black Sea basin). The largest river in the Lemky region is the San (444 km in length). Another tributary of the Vistula is the Vislok (165 km). The mountain rivers that originate on the southern slopes of the Low Beskid River flow in a meridional direction to the south and belong to the Tisza basin. The largest among them are Gorand (286 km), Poprad (169 km), Laborets (129 km), Ondava (112 km in length). The rivers of Lemkivshchyna are characterized by mixed food dominated by snow. Boundaries are observed in winter and during the dry season in summer. Floods can occur at any time of the year during heavy rainfall. The mountain-forest soils of Lemkivshchyna are formed on flysch rocks under beech and fir forests. Soils of low power (up to 75 cm), often stony, characterized by high acidity, poor in calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron. Mountain-meadow soils were formed in the subalpine meadows. The processes of accumulation of peat and organic material are observed on the watersheds and sites of poor runoff. The geographical location of Lemkivshchyna causes the vertical extent of the vegetation cover, which differs from the other mountain ranges of the Carpathians. Belt of deciduous forests, rising to an altitude of 1 156 m. is mainly represented with beech forests. The belt of the Polonynian subalpine meadows that developed under the influence of a long pasture farm is above the beech forests. About 1 000 species of vascular plants, more than 600 species of mosses and lichens, and many algae and fungi have been found in the Lemky region. A modern feature of the vegetation cover of Lemkivshchyna is the natural regeneration of forests, which occurred after the expulsion of the ethnic population from these territories. More than 200 species of vertebrates have been found in the Lemky region. Key words: Lemkivshchyna, physical and geographical conditions, relief of the Eastern Beskids, hydrography, vegetation.
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Kováčiková, Svetlana, Igor Logvinov, and Viktor Tarasov. "Comparison of the 2‐D and Quasi‐3‐D Geoelectric Models of the Ukrainian Eastern Carpathians and Their Link to the Tectonic Structure." Tectonics 38, no. 11 (November 2019): 3818–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018tc005311.
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Jozsa, Stefan, Jan Schlogl, Marian Golej, and Christian Meister. "Lower Sinemurian - upper Pliensbachian smaller agglutinated foraminiferal events from the eastern part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Transcarpathian Ukraine, Western Carpathians)." Micropaleontology 64, no. 6 (2018): 593–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.64.6.11.
Abstract:
Diverse and well-preserved foraminifera are documented from the Sinemurian to Pliensbachian deposits from the Priborzhavske-Perechin Zone in the Ukrainian segment of the Pieniny Klippen Belt. The changes in the smaller agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages are compared with the high resolution ammonite biozonation. The foraminifera are observed in four main facies. In biodetritic marls of the Bucklandi - ?Semicostatum zones a response to increasing low-oxic conditions is recorded. Abloom of small Haplophragmoides spp. predates a barren interval of black shales probably in the Semicostatum Zone that in turn precedes an interval of barren black clays in the Turneri Zone. Above this event the FO of Textularia aff. agglutinans is noted. In the lower part of the Raricostatum Zone a bloom of agglutinated foraminifera and subboreal influx is documented. A rapid decrease in agglutinated foraminifera precedes the Sinemurian/Pliensbachian boundary and continues in the early Pliensbachian Jamesoni Zone. Unfavourable conditions for the agglutinated foraminifera culminate in the Ibex – lower Margaritatus zones and represent an interval barren of agglutinated foraminifera. Impoverished assemblages of agglutinated foraminifera reappear higher in the Margaritatus Zone. The paleoecological interpretations based on morphogroup analysis and the relative abundances of agglutinated foraminifera cast light on paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic changes in the Sinemurian-Pliensbachian stratigraphic record of the eastern part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt.
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BOBAK, Dariusz, and Marta POŁTOWICZ-BOBAK. "BETWEEN MAGDALENIAN AND EPIGRAVETTIAN. A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE PALAEOLITHIC ON THE POLISH-UKRAINIAN BORDER." Materials and Studies on Archaeology of Sub-Carpathian and Volhynian Area 22 (December 11, 2018): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/mdapv.2018-22-42-53.
Abstract:
The terrains of Poland, located north of the Carpathians and the Sudetes, have been almost completely abandoned during the period of the LGM sensustricte. The reoccupation of Polish territories took place not until the end of LGM. These areas were then settled by the societies of the Magdalenian complex – a tradition that included upland areas of Western and Central Europe. On the basis of today's state of knowledge, it can be concluded that the eastern borders of Poland are at the same time the eastern boundary of the Magdalenien settlement. Five Magdalenian sites from the areas of today's Podkarpackie Voivodship are known (fig. 1). In the 1940s, a single-row harpoon linked to Magdalenian was found in Przemyśl. Further discoveries of sites fall into the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Four of the mhave been discovered up to this day: in Hłomcza, Grodzisko Dolne, Wierzawice and Łąka. This sites are only short-lived campsprovided small inventories. So far, no traces of large, longer settled base camp types have been found. If this situation is not only the result of the current state of research, then it may suggest that the areas of south-eastern Poland were part of a larger territory exploited by some Magdalenian community. On the basis of the analysis, it may be assumed that this territory may have covered the areas of eastern Poland. Magdalenian settlement in eastern Poland continues throughout the presence of Late Magdalenian societies in Central Europe, from Dryas I to Alleröd. It means that the population, or traditions of this culture, reached the eastern periphery relatively quickly and for a long time. The question arises if the Magdalenian population, functioning in the eastern borderlands, occupied areas not covered by any previous settlement, and whether were there contacts between them and representatives of other traditions – Epigravettian, whose settlement extends east of today's Polish borders on the territory of Ukraine. Finally, the last question is whether the line of the San is the final eastern limit of Magdalenian. This last question should be answered in the affirmatively, though not categorically. So far, we do not know of any Magdalenian sites from the areas east of Poland. The answer to the remaining questions is difficult. A certain light is being shed on them by the discovery of the site in Święte. The part of the site studied so far provided a small concentration of lithic artefacts – flakes and blades as well as several tools. These materials were described as Epigravettian. The TL dates obtained from the profile indicate that it is contemporary to the Magdalenian settlement. Perhaps, therefore the Magdalenian population who came to this area inhabited the areas that were occupied by the “Epigravettian” population? Perhaps we are also dealing with a zone penetrated by both these communities? So far, we know only one Epigravettian site from this area, which is contemporary to the Magdalenian settlement, but its significance in the discussion of Magdalenien-Epigravettian relations is very important. To what extent this borderland was the area of contacts and what the consequences could have been is unexplained yet. Apart from the few possible imports of Volhynian flint in Magdalenian inventories (Wierzawice, Grodzisko Dolne?), there are no other elements that could be a material confirmation of such contacts. An in-depth analysis of possible contacts on the west-east axis is also hindered by the poor level of recognition of the Polish-Ukrainian borderland on the Ukrainian side. Research conducted in the south-east of Poland shows that the Polish-Ukrainian borderland is an important area through which the border between two cultural traditions passes at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. This is an extremely important area in discussion on the relationship between Magdalenian and Epigravettian. Today's knowledge and questions set the prospects for further work. Key words: Epigravettian, Magdalenian, Upper Paleolithic, South-Eastern Poland, Polish-Ukrainian borderland, cultural contacts, imports.